What documents do you need for a move to Spain?

Christiaan van der Ent ·

For a move to Spain, you need a combination of Dutch and Spanish documents: a valid passport or identity card, a NIE number (Número de Identificación de Extranjero), proof of registration in the Padrón Municipal, and for customs a detailed inventory list of your household goods. Which documents are exactly required depends on your personal situation, whether you are bringing a car, and whether your pets are moving with you. In this article, we answer the most frequently asked questions about the required documents, step by step.

What documents do you need for customs during an international move?

For customs during an international move to Spain, you need at minimum a detailed inventory list of all goods being moved, along with a valid identity document and proof of registration at your new Spanish address. Because Spain is part of the EU, no import duties apply to personal belongings, but the documentation must be in order.

The inventory list, also known as the household goods list or “inventory list”, is the central document in every international move. This overview lists all goods you are taking with you, including estimated values. A professional moving company prepares this list in the language of the destination country, which in the case of Spain means Spanish. If this list is missing or incomplete, it can lead to delays at the border.

In addition to the inventory list, the following documents are typically required at customs:

  • Valid passport or European identity card
  • NIE number (Spanish fiscal identification number)
  • Proof of deregistration from the Dutch Municipal Personal Records Database (BRP)
  • Proof of registration in the Padrón Municipal at the new Spanish address
  • Proof of ownership or rental contract of the Spanish property

As Van der Ent Group, we handle all the paperwork and administrative tasks for you, including the customs documents and the inventory list in the required language. With our own customs declarants in-house, we ensure that no document is missing, so that your household goods arrive at the destination without unnecessary delays.

What is a NIE number and when do you need it?

A NIE number (Número de Identificación de Extranjero) is the Spanish fiscal identification number for foreigners. You need it for virtually every official transaction in Spain: opening a bank account, buying or renting a property, taking out a utilities contract, and registering with the municipality. Without a NIE number, you can barely get anything done in Spain.

The NIE number is not a residence permit, but a fiscal number that links your identity to the Spanish government. As an EU citizen, you do not need a residence permit to live in Spain, but the NIE is mandatory as soon as you officially take up residence there. It is advisable to apply for this number before you move, so that after arrival you can immediately get started with practical matters.

You can apply for a NIE number at the Spanish embassy or consulate in the Netherlands, or after arrival at a Spanish police station (Oficina de Extranjeros). For the application you need:

  • Completed form EX-15
  • Valid passport plus copy
  • Proof of the reason for the application (for example a purchase contract or rental agreement)
  • Proof of payment of the administrative fee (tasa)

Processing typically takes several weeks, so apply for this number as early as possible in the moving process.

How does registration in the Padrón Municipal work?

The Padrón Municipal is the Spanish population register of the municipality where you live. Registration is mandatory for everyone who permanently resides in Spain, regardless of nationality. After registration you receive a certificado de empadronamiento, a document that you need as proof of residence for numerous official matters.

Registration in the Padrón Municipal is done at the town hall (Ayuntamiento) of the municipality where you are going to live. In the Andalusia region, a popular destination for Dutch people moving to Spain, this could be the town hall of, for example, Málaga, Marbella or Cádiz. The procedure varies slightly per municipality, but in most cases you need the following documents:

  • Valid passport or identity card
  • NIE number
  • Proof of your residential address in Spain: a title deed (escritura) or rental contract

The certificado de empadronamiento you receive after registration is in turn required for other official procedures, such as applying for a Spanish driving licence conversion or enrolling children in school. It is therefore advisable to get started with this registration immediately upon arrival.

Which Dutch documents do you need to take or arrange before departure?

Before you leave the Netherlands, there are a number of documents you need to arrange or take with you. The most important step is deregistering from the Municipal Personal Records Database (BRP) of your Dutch municipality. This is mandatory if you spend more than eight months per year outside the Netherlands. The proof of deregistration is needed later at Spanish customs and for other official procedures.

In addition to the deregistration, these are the Dutch documents you need to take or arrange before departure:

  • Valid passport or identity card (valid for at least six months after arrival)
  • Proof of deregistration from the BRP
  • Birth certificate (legalised and if necessary provided with an apostille)
  • Marriage certificate or civil partnership certificate (if applicable, also legalised)
  • Diplomas and certificates (if you want to work in Spain)
  • Medical records and vaccination certificates for yourself and your family
  • Vehicle registration document and proof of purchase of vehicles you are taking with you

Official Dutch documents that you want to use in Spain generally need to be legalised with an apostille. This can be done through the court or the municipality. Allow sufficient time for this, as the procedure can take several weeks.

What are the rules for taking a car or motorcycle to Spain?

If you are taking a car or motorcycle to Spain as part of your move, specific rules apply. Within the EU you do not have to pay import duties or VAT, provided the vehicle is your personal property and you are taking it as part of your household goods. You do need a number of documents and you must have the vehicle registered with the Spanish Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT).

For taking a vehicle to Spain you will need at minimum:

  • Vehicle registration document (parts I and II)
  • Proof of purchase of the vehicle
  • Proof that the vehicle has been your property prior to the move (generally at least six months)
  • Valid driving licence and identity document
  • Proof of registration in the Padrón Municipal

After arriving in Spain, you must re-register the vehicle with a Spanish licence plate. This requires a technical inspection (ITV, comparable to the Dutch APK) and payment of the Spanish registration tax (IVTM). If your vehicle is still registered with a Dutch licence plate while you are officially living in Spain, this can result in fines.

For Dutch people returning from Spain and taking a vehicle to the Netherlands, a similar procedure applies. Through a BPM exemption when importing a car, high taxes can be avoided. Our move coordinators will guide you through this complete import process.

What do you need to arrange if your pet is moving to Spain?

If your pet is moving to Spain, you must meet a number of European and Spanish requirements. Your pet needs a valid European pet passport, a microchip, and an up-to-date rabies vaccination. For dogs, there is also a mandatory treatment against a specific tapeworm (Echinococcus) within 24 to 120 hours before entry into some EU countries, although this is not always mandatory for Spain from the Netherlands. Always check this with a certified veterinarian.

The required documents for moving a pet to Spain are:

  • European pet passport including vaccination history
  • Proof of microchip (ISO 11784/11785)
  • Up-to-date rabies vaccination (administered at least 21 days before departure)
  • Health declaration issued by a certified veterinarian (mandatory for air transport)

Arranging all these documents and meeting the time requirements calls for careful planning. Through our partner network, we offer a specialised pet service, where experienced professionals guide you through all the required documents, preparations and steps in the moving process for your animal. This way you can be sure that your pet also arrives safely and without problems at the new address in Spain.

A complete relocation service takes all these concerns off your hands, from the initial document check to arrival at the final destination. With more than 100 years of experience and our own office in Málaga, we know the Netherlands-Spain route like no other, and we ensure that your move goes as smoothly as possible.

Veelgestelde vragen

Hoe lang van tevoren moet ik beginnen met het verzamelen van alle documenten voor mijn verhuizing naar Spanje?

Het is sterk aan te raden om minimaal drie tot zes maanden voor je verhuisdatum te beginnen met het verzamelen van documenten. Het NIE-nummer aanvragen en het legaliseren van Nederlandse documenten met een apostille kunnen elk al enkele weken in beslag nemen. Door vroeg te beginnen voorkom je dat je verhuizing vertraging oploopt doordat een cruciaal document nog ontbreekt.

Wat als mijn paspoort of identiteitskaart bijna verloopt — kan ik toch verhuizen naar Spanje?

Het is sterk af te raden om te verhuizen met een document dat bijna verloopt. Je identiteitsbewijs moet bij aankomst minimaal zes maanden geldig zijn, en voor de aanvraag van je NIE-nummer en inschrijving in het Padrón Municipal heb je een geldig document nodig. Vraag tijdig een nieuw paspoort of identiteitskaart aan bij je Nederlandse gemeente, zodat dit geen struikelblok wordt in het verhuisproces.

Moet ik mijn Nederlandse rijbewijs omzetten naar een Spaans rijbewijs na mijn verhuizing?

Als EU-burger mag je in principe je Nederlandse rijbewijs blijven gebruiken in Spanje, maar zodra je officieel ingeschreven staat in het Padrón Municipal ben je verplicht je rijbewijs om te laten zetten naar een Spaans rijbewijs. Dit proces heet ‘canje de permiso de conducción’ en verloopt via de Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT). Voor de omzetting heb je onder andere je certificado de empadronamiento, je NIE-nummer en een medische keuring nodig.

Wat gebeurt er als ik me niet uitschrijf uit de Nederlandse BRP voor mijn vertrek?

Als je je niet uitschrijft uit de Basisregistratie Personen (BRP) terwijl je langer dan acht maanden per jaar in Spanje verblijft, kun je te maken krijgen met problemen rondom belastingen, toeslagen en sociale zekerheid in Nederland. Bovendien heb je het bewijs van uitschrijving nodig als officieel document bij de Spaanse douane en voor diverse Spaanse procedures. Regel de uitschrijving dus altijd tijdig via je Nederlandse gemeente.

Kan ik de documenten voor mijn verhuizing naar Spanje ook zelf regelen, of heb ik een verhuisbedrijf nodig?

Technisch gezien kun je de meeste documenten zelf aanvragen en regelen, maar het proces is complex en tijdrovend, zeker als je ook een voertuig of huisdier meeneemt. Een gespecialiseerd internationaal verhuisbedrijf zoals Van der Ent Group heeft eigen douanedeclaranten in huis, kent de actuele Spaanse regelgeving en zorgt dat de inventarislijst correct wordt opgesteld. Dit verkleint aanzienlijk het risico op vertragingen of problemen aan de grens.

Zijn er documenten die ik in Spanje moeilijk kan vervangen als ik ze kwijtraak of vergeet mee te nemen?

Ja, zeker. Je geboorteakte en eventuele huwelijks- of partnerschapsakte zijn documenten die je in Spanje niet zomaar opnieuw kunt aanvragen. Maak daarom altijd gelegaliseerde kopieën met apostille voordat je vertrekt, en bewaar digitale scans op een veilige locatie in de cloud. Diploma’s en medische dossiers zijn eveneens lastig te vervangen en zijn essentieel als je in Spanje wilt werken of medische zorg nodig hebt.

Gelden er speciale documentvereisten als ik met minderjarige kinderen naar Spanje verhuis?

Ja, bij een verhuizing met minderjarige kinderen zijn er extra documenten vereist. Denk aan gelegaliseerde geboorteaktes van de kinderen, bewijs van gezag (bij co-ouderschap of eenoudergezin), en eventueel een toestemmingsverklaring van de andere ouder. Voor inschrijving op een Spaanse school heb je bovendien het certificado de empadronamiento en eventuele schoolrapporten of -diploma’s uit Nederland nodig, bij voorkeur voorzien van een officiële vertaling.

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